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Fluid Indication and Control |
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Thermal Mass Flowmeters |
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Thermal
Mass Flowmeters - The rate of heat absorbed by
a flow stream is directly proportional to its
mass flow. As molecules of a moving gas come into
contact with a heat source, they absorb heat and
thereby cool the source. At increased flow rates,
more molecules come into contact with the heat
source, absorbing even more heat. The amount of
heat dissipated from the heat source in this manner
is proportional to the number of molecules of
a particular gas (its mass), the thermal characteristics
of the gas, and its flow characteristics.
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Coriolis Mass Flowmeters |
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Coriolis
Mass Flowmeter - This meter uses the Coriolis
effect to measure the amount of mass moving through
the element. The substance to be measured runs
through a U-shaped tube that is caused to vibrate
in a perpendicular direction to the flow. Fluid
forces running through the tube interact with
the vibration, causing it to twist. The greater
the angle of the twist, the greater the flow
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PD Flowmeters |
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Positive
Displacement (PD) - PD flowmeters measure the
volumetric flow rate of a liquid or gas by separating
the flow stream into known volumes and counting
them over time. Vanes, gears, pistons, or diaphragms
are used to separate the fluid. PD flowmeters
provide good to excellent accuracy and are one
of only a few technologies that can be used to
measure viscous liquids.
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Vortex Flowmeters |
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An
obstruction in a pipe creates vortices on the
downstream side of the obstruction. Temperature
or pressure sensors measure the vortices to gauge
the strength of flow.
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Multiphase Flowmeters |
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Multiphase
Flow meters - measures accurately the flow rates
of oil, gas and water in oil wells without separation,
mixing or moving parts. These are probably the
most advanced type of flowmeters in the market
and require much expertise in their application
and usage
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Turbine Flowmeters |
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Turbine
Flowmeter - As a substance moves through a pipe,
it acts on the vanes on a turbine to get it to
spin. The rate of spin is measured to find out
the speed of the flow.
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Calorimetric Flowmeters |
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Calorimetric
Principle: Two PTC's (positive temperature coefficient
thermistors) reside in the sensing probe tip.
One of these monitors the media temperature while
the other is heated a % above media temperature.
As flow occurs across the sensor, heat is conducted
away, proportional to flow speed. This results
in a resistance change of the heated PTC providing
an output signal.
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Compound Flowmeters |
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Compound
Flowmeter -A combination of 2 water meters - a
large one and a small one, with a special change-over
valve.
This compound water meter can handle and measure
accurately an extremely broad range of flow rates
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Magnetic Flowmeters |
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Electromagnetic Magnetic Flowmeter - A conductive
process fluid is run through a magnetic field.
As it creates an electric charge through its
interaction with the field, the charge is measured
to find the speed of the flow.
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Laminar Mass Flowmeters |
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Laminar Mass Flow Meter - Alicat flow measurement
devices determine the flow rate by accurately
measuring the differential pressure in an established
laminar flow region passing through a fixed
area. This time tested method of flow measurement
offers several advantages over most thermal
flow measurement devices including shorter response
times and greater sensitivity for lower flow
rates.
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Variable Area Flowmeters |
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Despite the growing popularity of other flowmeter
types, the variable area flowmeter continues
to command a major portion of the industrial
market. Although it has not enjoyed the same
degree of publicity granted more exotic meter
forms in technical literature...
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Venturi Flowmeters |
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Venturi Tube - This differential pressure
element actually forces the flow into a smaller
diameter section of pipe, then measures the
pressure differences between the unrestricted
flow and the restricted flow. This element can
be used for very accurate measurements if calibrated
correctly.
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Types of Flowmeters |
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